Inganda za laser zo mubushinwa zishobora kuzana impinduka

Mu myaka yashize, gutunganya lazeri yinganda byakoreshejwe byihuse mubice byose, kandi buhoro buhoro byinjira mubikorwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka za gariyamoshi, indege, ingufu nshya, ibikoresho byo mu nyanja, inganda za gisirikare, n'ibindi. bikuze, tekinoroji yingenzi yibanze yagiye yuzuza icyuho gahoro gahoro, kandi ibigo byinshi byayoboye byatangiye kurutonde, byashizeho muburyo bwinganda.Nyamara, iterambere ryinganda rihora rihinduka.Munsi yigitutu cyibidukikije bigoye murugo no mumahanga, impinduka nshya zirashobora kugaragara kumasoko ya laser.

1 、 Guhindura isoko ryiyongera ukajya kumasoko yimigabane

Kuva kuzamura ibikoresho byo gutunganya lazeri, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu ryerekanye inzira yo kwaguka bikomeje.Kwiyongera kw'isoko guturuka ahanini ku guhora kugaragara kw'ibisabwa bishya, hakurikiraho kuzamura ibicuruzwa bya laser.Ibikurikiraho ni ugukomeza gutera imbere kwikoranabuhanga rya laser no kuzamura imbaraga.

Usibye gushyira akamenyetso gakondo, gukata no gusudira, uburyo bushya nko gusukura lazeri no gusudira intoki za lazeri byafunguye ibyifuzo bishya bya lazeri mumyaka yashize.Byongeye kandi, porogaramu nyinshi nshya, nka bateri, ingufu nshya, imodoka, kwambara, kwerekana imbaho, ibikoresho by’isuku, imashini z’ubwubatsi, byaguye umwanya wo gukoresha lazeri, bityo bizana ibicuruzwa bishya.

Kubijyanye nibikoresho byo gukata lazeri, isura yo gukata lazeri yasimbuye uduce twinshi gakondo, gukata ibirimi no gukata icyuma cyamazi, kandi nibyiza kuruta gukata plasma kumasahani manini, biba amahitamo meza.Kuva ikoreshwa rya fibre laser yo gukata muri 2011, yafashe kandi umugabane wo gukata lazeri ya CO2.Hamwe no kwiyongera byihuse kwingufu za laser, abakoresha amaherezo bakurikirana imikorere ihanitse, kandi bakeneye no kuvugurura ibikoresho.Impamvu nyinshi zatumye ibikoresho byo gutema bikura uko umwaka utashye, ndetse birenga 30% mumyaka runaka.

Uyu munsi, kohereza buri mwaka ibikoresho byo gukata lazeri byo murugo byarengeje 50000.Hamwe no gukaza umurego no kugabanuka kw'ibiciro by'ibikoresho, inyungu z'inganda nazo zarahagaritswe.Byongeye kandi, ubukungu bwifashe nabi mu myaka ibiri ishize kubera icyorezo, kandi n’abakora ibikoresho bya lazeri bahuye n’igitutu kinini cy’iterambere.Birashobora kugaragara ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mubikoresho bimwe na bimwe byakozwe byiyongereye mumyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu ishize, ariko imikorere ninyungu ntabwo byiyongereye cyane.Muri 2022, ibicuruzwa mu nganda nyinshi bizagabanuka, kandi abakoresha amaherezo nabo bazagabanya ishoramari ryibikoresho bishya.Ibikoresho byaguzwe mumyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu yambere ntabwo biri gusimburwa.Birashobora guhanurwa ko bizarushaho kuba ingorabahizi ibikoresho byo gukata lazeri gushaka ibicuruzwa byoherezwa, kandi isoko rya laser rizinjira mugihe cyimigabane.

Ukurikije amategeko yiterambere ryinganda, laseri zo murugo zigenda zinjira mugihe gikuze kandi gihamye, kandi imyaka yimigabane izagumaho igihe kirekire.Niba ibikoresho byoherejwe bishobora gusimbuka no gukomeza gutera imbere biterwa ahanini no kwaguka kwinganda zinganda.

2 、 Ibiciro byintambara bitera kwishyira hamwe kwinganda

Inganda za laser zimaze imyaka irenga 20 zitera imbere mubushinwa.Nyuma ya 2012, kwimura lazeri nibikoresho bya laser byateye imbere byihuse.Kuva ku mbaraga nto kugera ku mbaraga zikomeye, binjiye mu ntambara y'ibiciro bishyushye umwe umwe.Kuva kuri nanosekond pulse laser ikoreshwa mugushira akamenyetso kuri lazeri ikomeza gukoreshwa mugukata no gusudira, intambara yibiciro ya fibre laser ntabwo yigeze ihagarara.Kuva kuri kilowatt imwe kugeza kuri watt 20000, intambara yibiciro irakomeza.

Intambara ikomeje kugabanuka yagabanije cyane inyungu zinganda za laser.Mu myaka mike ishize, imishinga yo mu mahanga ya laser yashoboye kugumana inyungu rusange igera kuri 50%.Mu myaka yashize, igabanuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’abashinwa bo mu karere ka lazeri byatumye inganda za laser zo mu mahanga n’ibindi bigo biva mu ntambara y’ibiciro.Mu myaka mike ishize, lazeri 10000 watt yasabye amafaranga arenga miliyoni.Uyu munsi, laser yo murugo irashobora kugurwa kumafaranga 230000.Igiciro cyamanutse hafi 80%.Uku kugabanuka n'umuvuduko wo kugabanya ibiciro biratangaje.Mu myaka ibiri ishize, intambara yibiciro yahindutse isoko ryo hagati kandi ryohejuru.

Intambara yibiciro mumyaka myinshi yatumye inganda zimwe na zimwe za laser zitakaza amafaranga.Bitewe nigipimo kidahagije cyibikorwa bya laser yamashanyarazi yibikoresho, bamwe mubakora lazeri bahisemo inzira yo kugabanya ibiciro kugirango bagumane ibicuruzwa byoherejwe kandi bigire ingaruka kumikorere, byakajije umurego mumasoko ya laser.Impuzandengo rusange yinyungu ninyungu zamasosiyete ya laser yagabanutse cyane.Igiciro cyibicuruzwa bya laser byabaye mumuyoboro wamanutse, nicyo kibazo gikomeye kidakemuka ku nganda za laser.

Kugeza ubu, lazeri ya nanosekond ikoreshwa mugushira akamenyetso ntishoboka, kandi inyungu yo kugurisha seti imwe ishobora kuba amafaranga magana make.Tekinoroji yukuri yo hejuru yabaye igiciro cyimyumbati.Nta mwanya uhari wo kugabanya igiciro cya 1000 watt fibre fibre, kandi igurishwa ni ugukomeza umusaruro nubucuruzi bwikigo.Imbaraga ntoya laser yinjiye rwose mugihe cyinyungu nkeya, kandi imbaraga ziciriritse nizisumbuye zifite inyungu nkeya.

Mu 2022, kubera ingaruka z'icyorezo ku bukungu bw'imbere muri rusange, icyifuzo cyo gutunganya itumanaho ni gito.Kugirango dufate ibicuruzwa, ibigo bimwe binini byiteguye kugabanya ibiciro, bizana igitutu kinini kubindi bigo bito n'ibiciriritse.

Ibigo mubijyanye nibikoresho bya laser bifite uburambe bumwe.Nkuko urwego rwo guteranya ibikoresho ruri hasi, hagaragaye imishinga myinshi ya laser ibikoresho, kandi imishinga mishya yagaragaye mu ntara zose no mu turere twose.Isoko risabwa ntirigenewe gusa inganda zikoreshwa muri Wuhan, Delta ya Yangtze na Delta ya Pearl River.Ibikoresho bya Laser birarushanwa kuruta laseri.

Inzira yiterambere yinganda zose zirasa cyane.Iyo intambara y'ibiciro irangiye, inganda zizinjira mubufatanye.Bigereranijwe ko imyaka itatu iri imbere izaba igihe cyingenzi cyinganda za laser.Niba inganda za laser zishobora gukoresha amahirwe cyangwa guca inzira nshya zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga muri iki gihe, zirashobora kujya ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi zikaba ibigo byambere mu bice bigabanijwe.Bitabaye ibyo, bazasigara inyuma kandi amaherezo bazavaho mumikino ya knockout.

3Kuzamura byuzuye gushyigikira ibicuruzwa bya laser kugirango bisimbuze ibitumizwa hanze

Mu bihe byashize, Ubushinwa bufasha ibikoresho bya lazeri, nka diode ya lazeri, fibre idasanzwe ya optique, lens optique, imitunganyirize yimikorere, urubuga rwo kwimura abantu, imiyoboro ya optique, chillers, software, sisitemu yo kugenzura, nibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biterwa cyane n’ibicuruzwa byo hanze.Ibicuruzwa byakuze mubushinwa kandi biratera imbere cyane.Hamwe nogutezimbere imbaraga za laser zikoreshwa, ibisabwa bishya bishyirwa mubikorwa byo gushyigikira ibicuruzwa.Ibigo bireba mubushinwa byakusanyije buhoro buhoro ikoranabuhanga nuburambe, kandi R&D, ikoranabuhanga nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byatejwe imbere cyane, byasimbuye buhoro buhoro ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga.

Muri leta igenzura ibyorezo by’icyorezo, inganda za lazeri z’Ubushinwa zagabanije imikoranire hagati y’urungano rw’amahanga n’abatanga ibicuruzwa, kandi binagabanya iterambere ry’amahanga mu mahanga n’abakora ibikoresho mu Bushinwa.Abakoresha bafite ubushake bwo guhitamo ibicuruzwa byunganira byaho, byihutisha iterambere ryo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa byatumijwe hanze.

Ingaruka zintambara yibiciro mu nganda nayo igira ingaruka murwego rwo gushyigikira ibicuruzwa bya laser.Usibye ibikubiye mu buhanga buhanitse hamwe n’ubwishingizi bufite ireme, ibisabwa mu gutera inkunga imishinga ya laser mu bihe biri imbere bizatanga serivisi zihariye kandi nziza zunganira ibicuruzwa kugira ngo batsinde abakiriya n’isoko rya terefone.